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Monitoring Economic,
Political, Cultural and Environmental Developments General Background ACCCI information on key cities in China: http://www.accci.com.au/keycity/kcintro.htm.
Index to ACCCI key cities in China:
http://www.accci.com.au/keycity/keycity.htm. “Autonomous
Regions of China” from Wikipedia. This
is very brief and contains no references for source material, but it is a
useful starting point for those whose knowledge of China’s autonomous regions
is limited. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_china. China’s Autonomous Regions (in order
as given below): Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region – 新疆維吾爾自治區 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 內蒙古自治區 Tibet Autonomous Region – 西藏自治區 Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region – 寧夏回族自治區 Guangxi Zhuang
Autonomous Region – 廣西壯族自治區 Comments are invited on
anything contained in the listed documents and suggestions for additional
linked documents are encouraged. Email to: Secretariat@accci.com.au |
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Xinjiang Uyghur |
Monitoring
Economic, Political, Cultural and Environmental Developments in Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region Last
updated: 24 November 2009 General
Background From
Wikipedia “Uyghur
People”. This outlines the history of the
Uyghur people, including the Uyghur Empire (744-840 CE). Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_people. “East
Turkestan Independence Movement”. This
is a broad term referring to those who advocate an independent,
self-governing East Turkestan.
Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan_independence_movement.
“East
Turkestan Islamic Movement”.
Background to one of the more militant organisations that advocate the creation of an
independent Islamic State of East Turkestan.
Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan_Islamic_Movement.
From
Chinese Sources “Illuminating
China’s Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions: Inner Mongolia”. undated. Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43608.htm.
China
Information Gateway, “Introduction to Xiangjiang Uyghur Autonomous
Region”. Undated. Available at: http://www.china-guide.de/english/a_profile__of_china/xinjiang/index.html. From US
Council of Foreign Relations Preeti
Bhattacharji, “Uyghurs and China’s Xinjiang Region”, updated 6 July
2009. Available at: http://www.cfr.org/publication/16870/uighurs_and_chinas_xinjiang_region.html.
Preeti
Bhattacharji, “Religion in China”, dated 16 May, 2008. Includes a brief coverage of the atheist
CCP, Christian House Churches, Islam and Uyghurs in Xinjiang, Tibetan
Buddhists and Falun Gong. Available
at: Holly
Fletcher and Jayshree Bajoria, “The East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM)”,
updated 31 July 2009. Available at http://www.cfr.org/publication/9179/east_turkestan_islamic_movement_etim.html.
More on East Turkestan Independence Movement David D. Wang, “East Turkestan Movement in
Xinjiang”, Journal of Chinese Political
Science, Vol. 4, No. 1 (June 1998).
Available from: http://www.springerlink.com/content/ch1k1777r1h74758,
but note that, except for subscribers to the journal, a fee is charged for
downloading. Seva Gunitskiy,
“In the Spotlight: East Turkestan Islamic Movement”, dated 9 December 2002,
US Centre for Defence Information.
Available at: http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/etim.cfm.
Opinions and Analyses Cultural
Issues Lin Yi,
“Ethnicisation through Schooling: The Mainstream Discursive Repertoires of
Ethnic Minorities”, The China Quarterly,
Vol. 192 (December 2007), pp. 933-948.
The author examines the rationale for cultural transformation,
particularly through education, in China.
Downloads may be purchased at: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?iid=1587448. Nimrod
Baranovitch, “Inverted Exile: Uyghur Writers and Artists in Beijing and the
Political Implications of Their Work”, Modern
China, Vol. 33, No. 4 (October 2007), pp. 462-504. The article examines both political and
sociological aspects of outward migration of Uyghurs from Xinjiang. Download is free (currently) at: http://mcx.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/33/4/462. China’s Modern Security Challenges Marc Lanteigne, Chinese
Foreign Policy: An Introduction, Routledge. Publication date: 12 February 2009. Chapter 5 is devoted to strategic thinking
and the roles of the Military. More
information on the book is available at: http://www.routledge.com/books/Chinese-Foreign-Policy-isbn9780415465243.
Border Protection in China’s Northwest Region Mildred Cable, et
al, The Challenge of Central Asia:
A Brief Survey of Tibet and its Borderlands, Mongolia, North-West Kansu,
Chinese Turkistan and Russian Central Asia, published in 1929 by World
Dominion Press and is available for reading online through the University of
Chicago Libraries at: http://www.archive.org/stream/MN41986ucmf_3#page/n11/mode/2up.
Andrew Scheieson, “The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation”
(composed of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and
Uzbekistan), updated 24 March 2009.
Available at http://www.cfr.org/publication/10883/shanghai_cooperation_organization.html.
Human
Rights Watch Joshua Kurlantzick, “Broken Promises: Bush’s
Shameful Record on Combating Human Rights Abuses in China”, dated 12 May
2008. Available from The New Republic at: http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/broken-promises: “China:
Gross Violations of Human Rights in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region”, dated
31 March 1999, an Amnesty International
Report. Available at: http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA17/018/1999.
“China:
Human Rights Concerns in Xinjiang”, dated October 2001, a Human Rights Watch Backgrounder. Available from http://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/asia/china-bck1017.htm.
“Xinjiang
Separatism and Human Rights”, dated 2008 by Facts and Details (Jeffrey Hays).
Available at http://factsanddetails.com/china.php?itemid=163&catid=5&subcatid=89.
Greg
Sheridan, “Uyghurs Must Fight for Rights Within China”, dated 13 August 2009
from The Australian. Available at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/opinion/uighurs-must-fight-for-rights-within-china/story-e6frg76f-1225760782546.
The
Riots in 2009 Martin
I. Wayne, “Inside China’s War on Terrorism”, Journal of Contemporary China, Volume 18, Issue 59 (March 2009),
pp. 249-261. Downloads may be
purchased at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~db=all~content=g908174333. “Eyewitness
Accounts of Xinjiang Riots”, updated 7 July 2009, China Daily. Available at:
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-07/07/content_8384840.htm.
Christina
Larson, “How China Wins and Loses Xinjiang”, dated 9 July 2009. Christina writes that although China’s
Crackdown in Xinjiang province was effective in quelling the restless Uyghur
population, the tactics seem more likely to foster resistance and resentment
than peace and passivity. Available
at: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/07/09/how_china_wins_and_loses_xinjiang?page=0,0.
Josh
Chin, “Global Post: Confused about the Xinjiang Riots? Follow the Money”, dated 12 July 2009. The author argues that the unrest in
China’s Xinjiang province is less about Islam and more about economics. Available at: http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/china-and-its-neighbors/090711/confused-about-the-xinjiang-riots-follow-the-money?page=0,0.
James
Leibold, “The Xinjiang Riots: Tired Paradigms, Fresh Tensions”, 14 July 2009
from the China Beat. The author is a Senior Lecturer in Politics
and Asian Studies at La Trobe University and author of Reconfiguring Chinese Nationalism, Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. The blog in China Beat gives a
well-balanced assessment of the riots and is generally critical of media
coverage of the event. Available at: http://thechinabeat.blogspot.com/2009/07/xinjiang-riots-tried-paradigms-fresh.html.
Tania
Branigan, “Hundreds Face Trial Over Deadly Xinjiang Riots”, 24 August 2009
from The Guardian. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/aug/24/china-trials-xinjiang-riots.
Sreeram
Chaulia, “Xinjiang Riots Confound Islamists”, dated 29 July from Asia Times Onlne. Available at http://www.atimes.com.
Development
and Progress in Xinjiang “White
Paper on Development and Progress in Xinjiang”, dated 21 September 2009 from People’s Daily. Available at: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/ethnic/2009-09/21/content_8717461_3.htm.
Mike
Dillon, Contemporary China – An
Introduction, Routledge 2008.
Chapter 18 is devoted to Xinjiang.
Also included is “Western Development Program” (Chapter 21), “China
and the World 1: “Strategic Relationships” (Chapter 22); “China and the World
2: New Neighbours to the West” (Chapter 23); “China and a Harmonious
Society’? The book is available in
some libraries in electronic form. Hugo
Burgh, China: Friend of Foe? Icon
Books (Cambridge), 2006. Chapter 8 is
devoted to Tibet and East Turkestan.
This book may be available from some libraries in electronic form.
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Monitoring Economic, Political, Cultural and
Environmental Developments in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Last
updated: 15 November General
Background From
Wikipedia “Inner
Mongolia”. This is particularly useful
for the historical development and a brief statement of current
conditions. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_Mongolia.
“Mongolia”. The early history and the consolidation of
the Mongol State are given in greater detail in this section. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Mongolia.
From
Chinese Sources “Illuminating
China’s Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions: Inner Mongolia”. Undated. Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/45690.htm.
“Doing
Business in Inner Mongolia”, (undated) from China Ministry of Commerce. Available at: http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/aroundchina/neimenggu.shtml. China
Information Gateway “An Introduction to Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region”. Undated. Available at: http://www.china-guide.de/english/a_profile__of_china/inner_mongolia/index.html. Opinions and Analyses Cultural Issues David
Sneath, Changing Inner Mongolia:
Pastoral Mongolian Society and the Chinese State, Oxford Studies in
Social and Cultural Anthropology, 2000.
Information about the book can be obtained from online booksellers. Border
Protection for Inner Mongolia Mildred Cable, et
al, “The Challenge of Central Asia: A Brief Survey of Tibet and its Borderlands,
Mongolia, North-west Kansu, Chinese Turkistan and Russian Central Asia,
published in 1929 by World Dominion Press and is available for reading online
through the University of Chicago Libraries at: http://www.archive.org/stream/MN41986ucmf_3#page/n11/mode/2up.
Inner Mongolia’s Abundant Resources United
Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP),
“Inner Mongolia”. This includes a brief
description of Inner Mongolia’s natural resources. Available at: http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/database/chinadata/innermongolia.htm.
Fred Bernstein, “In Inner Mongolia, Pushing
Architecture to Its Outer Limits”, dated 1 May 2008 from the New York Times. The article indicates that the resource
rich desert region of China did not feel the effects of the global financial
meltdown that affected other parts of the world. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/01/garden/01mongolia.html.
“The
Hunt for Rare Earths”, dated 8 October 2009, from The Economist. Available
at: http://www.economist.com/businessfinance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=14587710.
Environmental
Issues Bruce
Marcot (both text and photos), “Human and Ecological Communities of Inner
Mongolia, China: A System of Stress”,
undated but later than 2002. Available
at: http://www.aracnet.com/~brucem/imar1.htm.
Asian Development
Bank, “Resettlement Planning Document – People’s Republic of China: Inner
Mongolia Autonomous Improvement Project”, dated March 2006. Available at: http://www.adb.org/Documents/Resettlement_Plans/PRC/39019-PRC-RP.pdf.
Human
Rights Watch Internet
site of the Inner Mongolia People’s Party: http://www.innermongolia.org/english/index.html.
Development
and Progress in Inner Mongolia Asian
Development Bank Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report, ”Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region Trade Facilitation and Logistics Development Strategy”,
dated September 2006 and available at: http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/Consultant/36027-REG/36027-08-REG-TACR.pdf.
“Province
Introduction of China: Inner Mongolia”, dated 1 April, 2009, includes recent
economic and commercial statistics.
Available: http://news.alibaba.com/article/detail/business-in-china/100084489-1-province-introduction-china%253A-inner-mongolia.html.
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Tibet |
Monitoring
Economic, Political, Cultural and Environmental Developments in Tibet
Autonomous Region Last
updated: 19 November General
Background From
Wikipedia “Tibet
Autonomous Region”. This includes a
brief history together with some demographic information and economic
data. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region. From
Chinese Sources “Illuminating
China’s Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions: Tibet”. Undated.
Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43606.htm. China
Information Gateway, “Introduction to Tibet Autonomous Region”. Undated.
Available at: http://www.china-guide.de/english/a_profile__of_china/tibet/index.html. Cultural
Issues State
Council Information Office, “White Paper on Tibetan Culture”, 22 June (year
not given). Available at: http://english.people.com.cn/features/tibetpaper/tibet.html.
Reza
Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu, “Social Development in Tibet Autonomous Region: A
Contemporary and Historical Analysis”, International
Journal of Development Issues, Vol. 6, Issue 2 (2007), pp. 125-141. Available for free download (this may be
subject to change in the future) at: Xiaofei
Kang, “Two Temples, Three Religions and a Tourist Attraction”, Modern China, Vol. 35, No. 3 (May
2009). The article examines the
interaction between China’s religious revival and the development of tourism. Short-term download is available for
purchase at: http://mcx.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/35/3/227. Environmental
Issues Zou Xue-Yong,
Li Sen, Zhang Chun-Lai, Dong Guang-Rong, Dong Yu-Xiang and Yan-ping,
“Desertification and Control Plan in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China”, Journal of Arid Environments, Vol. 51,
Issue 2 (June 2002), pp. 183-198.
Purchase download through: http://www.sciencedirect.com. State
Council Information Office, “White Paper on Ecological Improvement and
Environmental Protection in Tibet”, 10 March (year not given). Available at: http://english.people.com.cn/whitepaper/tbpaper/tb.html. Tony
Banks, Camille Richard, Li Ping and Yan Zhaoli, “Community-Based Grassland
Management in Western China, Mountain
Research and Development, Vol. 23, No. 2 (May 2003), pp. 132-140. Available from the World Bank at: http://info.worldbank.org/etools/docs/library/54262/ Human
Rights Watch “People’s
Republic of China – Tibet Autonomous Region:
A Year of Escalating Human Rights Violations”, Amnesty International Report, 6 March 2009. Available at: http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA17/011/2009/en. Tibetan
Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, Annual
Reports. The centre is located in
India and reports from 1996 to 2008 are available online at: http://www.tchrd.org/publications/annual_reports/. News
Watch China
Tibet Information Centre published a wide range of new items about Tibet and the
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Available at: http://eng.tibet.cn/. An
Indian community organisation in Thailand collects news items about
Tibet. It is available at: http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/tag/tibet-autonomous-region. Border
Protection for Tibet Mildred Cable, et
al, “The Challenge of Central Asia: A Brief Survey of Tibet and its
Borderlands, Mongolia, North-west Kansu, Chinese Turkistan and Russian
Central Asia, published in 1929 by World Dominion Press and is available for
reading online through the University of Chicago Libraries at: http://www.archive.org/stream/MN41986ucmf_3#page/n11/mode/2up. Development
and Progress in Tibet International
Campaign For Tibet, “Request for Inspection: China Western Poverty Reduction
Project” (of the World Bank), 18 June 1999.
Available from the World Bank at: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTINSPECTIONPANEL/Resources/ChinaRequest.pdf. China
National Bureau of Statistics, “Statistical Communiqué of the Tibet Autonomous
Region of the People’s Republic of China on the 2007 Regional Economic and
Social Developments”, updated 11 June 2008.
Available from Beijing Review
at http://www.bjreview.com.cn/document/txt/2008-06/11/content_126797.htm Mike
Dillon, Contemporary China – An
Introduction, Routledge, 2008.
Chapter 19 is devoted to Tibet.
Also included is “Western Development Program” (Chapter 21), “China
and the World 1: “Strategic Relationships” (Chapter 22); “China and the World
2: New Neighbours to the West” (Chapter 23); “China and a Harmonious
Society’? This book may be available
in some libraries in electronic form. Hugo
Burgh, China: Friend of Foe? Icon
Books (Cambridge), 2006. Chapter 8 is
devoted to Tibet and East Turkestan.
This book may be available from some libraries in electronic form. |
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Ningxia Hui |
Monitoring
Economic, Political, Cultural and Environmental Developments in Last
updated: 16 November General
Background From
Wikipedia: “Ningxia”.
This is relative brief, but nevertheless gives a good overview of the history
of Ningxia. It is available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia. From
Chinese Sources “Illuminating
China’s Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions: Ningxia”. Undated.
Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43597.htm. China
Information Gateway, “Introduction to Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region”. Undated.
Available at:http://www.china-guide.de/english/a_profile__of_china/ningxia_hui/index.html Opinions and Analyses Cultural
Issues “Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region” Undated from China
Culture. Available at: http://scenery.cultural-china.com/en/146Scenery2762.html. Environmental Issues “Ecological Refugees Flee China’s Expanding Desert”,
dated 20 April 2009 from World Focus.
The article indicates the human consequences of excessive water usage
and grazing as millions of fertile farmland in the region is becoming
desert. Available at: http://worldfocus.org/blog/2009/04/20/china-environmental-refugees/5048/. Asian
Development Bank, “People’s Republic of China: Capacity Building for
Integrated Ecosystem Management in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region”, Technical
Assistance Report, December 2007. The
aim of the project is to improve environmental management for ecosystem
rehabilitation in support of sustainable rural incomes in the project
area. Available at: http://www.adb.org/Documents/TARs/PRC/41676-PRC-TAR.pdf. Human
Rights Watch Hua Hua
Human Rights Journal, 6 October 2009, mentioned Ningxia in relation to the
broader issue of clemency for prisoners in China. Available at: http://www.duihua.org/hrjournal/hrjournal.htm. Development
and Progress in Ningxia Highbeam
Research list 10 or so news items about Ningxia from periodicals such as Mining Journal, Chemical Journal and Wireless Weekly. This is available
through Infoplease at: http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0835712.html “Ningxia
Hui Autonomous Region”, dated 2009 by the Macau Trade and Investment
Promotion Institute. It gives a list
of projects “wanting foreign investment” and “favourable policies for foreign
investment. Available at: http://www.ipim.gov.mo/worldwide_partner_detail.php?mode=popup&tid=3921&extra=page%3D1&lang=en-us. “Ningxia
Hui Autonomour Region 50 Year On”.
Undated from Beijing Review.
Available at: http://www.bjreview.com.cn/special/node_20162.htm. Shengquan
Ma, ruibo Han, Huhua Cao, “Empirical Analysis on the level of Economic
Development in Ningxia Hua Autonomous Region, Western China”, ICICIC, pp.
276, 2008 3rd International conference on Innovative Computing Information and
Control, 2008. The paper examines
income inequality within Ningxia.
Available for downloading for a fee (except for subscribers) at: http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/ICICIC.2008.248. United
Nations Development Program, “Projects in Ningxia”, dated 2005. Most of the 7 on-going projects are
continuing through to 2012. List of
projects and links for project summaries are available at: http://www.undp.org.cn/map.php?province=Ningxia. |
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Guangxi Zhuang |
Monitoring
Economic, Political, Cultural and Environmental Developments in Last updated:
17 November General Background From
Wikipedia “Guangxi”.
This has relatively few references or external links, but the brief
description of the autonomous region is nevertheless useful. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxi.
“Zhuang
People”. Contains brief comments on
the history and culture of the Zhuang people.
Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuang_people. From Chinese
Sources “Illuminating
China’s Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions: Guangxi”. Undated.
Available at: http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43576.htm. China Information
Gateway, “Introduction to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region”. Undated.
Available at: http://www.china-guide.de/english/a_profile__of_china/guangxi/index.html. “Doing Business in
Guangxi”, (undated) from China Ministry of Commerce. Available at: http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/aroundchina/Guangxi.shtml Opinions and Analyses Cultural
Issues Katherine
Palmer Kaup, Creating The Zhuang: Ethnic Politics in China, 2000. Lynne Rienner is the publisher. Sample pages are available from Google
Books at: http://books.google.com.au/books. “Guangxi History”,
updated 2 April, 2008 by China Travel.
A short commentary on the ancient culture of Guangxi is included. Available at: http://www.chinatravel.com/guangxi/history.htm. Environmental
Issues Asian Development Bank, “Guangxi Wuzhou Urban Development Project”,
2009. The project incorporates
geohazard prevention in developing the city of Wuzhou to further strengthen
the economic integration of Guangxi and its neighbouring western provinces
with the Pearl River Delta. Available
at: http://www.adb.org/projects/project.asp?id=40642 Clean Development Mechanism and the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change, “Facilitating Reforestation for Guangxi Watershed”,
project design document dated 21 July 2006.
Available at: http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/H5218OI0ZWU4CTWLPLKEIETBIODYED. news
Watch “Guangxi”, updated regularly with mainly marketing data, but also
indexes news articles of more general interest. Available at: http://news.alibaba.com/article/list/1/guangxi.html. Guangxi
Province – News Headlines”, updated regularly, from the Chinese Outpost. Available at: http://www.chinese-outpost.com/china-news/guangxi.asp. Development and
Progress in Guangxi Guangxi
Invests in Transportation”, dated 3 September 2009, from China Daily. The article
emphasises the importance of transport links in strengthening the trade
relations between China and ASEAN.
Available at: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/03/content_8649463.htm. United Nations
Industrial Development Organisation Investment Promotion Programme Office for
Southern China, “Guangxi”.
Undated. The document gives a
brief comment on the main industries in Guangxi. Available at: http://www.ipa-china.org/en/Industrial_Background/2006/ipa-china244.shtml. . |
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