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Guizhou is shown in
black. Note that Chinese names are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen
font. This may appear as question
marks or other symbols if that font is not installed on your browser. |
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Provincial Capital: Guiyang Average temperatures: 1 deg
C to 10 deg C in January; 17 deg C to 28 deg C in July. Physical features: The
province is situated on the eastern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau with mountains in
the west that slope down toward the north, east and south. The province has an
average altitude of 1,000 m above sea level.
Mountains and plateaus constitutes about 87 per cent of the total area
of 176,167 square kilometres. Rivers: The Yachi River originates in
the western part of the province and flows to the northeast to become part of
the Yangtze River. Administrative divisions: 8
cities, 3 autonomous prefectures, 61 counties, 11 autonomous counties and 3
special districts. Historical significance: Guizhou was part of the China since the
Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), when it was established as an administrative
region. It was inhabited mainly by
non-Chinese tribes until the Japanese occupation of the northern part of
China during World War II forced Chinese into the southwest. Connecting roads to nearby provinces were
built at that time. About 75 per cent of the population are now Han Chinese,
with a mixture of minorities among the other 25 per cent: Miao, Bouyei, Dong, Yi, Shui, Hui, Zhuang,
Bai, Turja and Gelao. |
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Notes: *In real terms |
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The construction of the Yuhuai（渝懷：重慶－懷化鐵路）railway, which is one of the projects in
the Great Western Development Strategy, has already begun. It is expected to be complete by 2006. This
railway and the Neikun（內江－昆明）line, Zhuliu （株州－六盤水）line, and Shuiguo（水城－柏果）line, are key components of the Southwest
Sea Passage linking all of the provinces in the southwest with seaports. In 2002, Guizhou’s density of railways
will be the highest in the western region.
This will make Guizhou a major rail centre for Southwest China. Highways － There are five state
highways which basically form the highway network within the province.
Externally, under the National Trunk Highway System (NTHS), the section of
Shanghai-Kunming-Wanding and the section of Chongqing-Nanning will connect
Guizhou with the seaports in Shanghai and Beihai. Guixin highway（貴新公路, which is a main section of the Southwest
Sea Passage, has been constructed recently. Air Transport － Longdongbao（龍洞堡）Airport at Guiyang
has more than 30 domestic air routes linking Guizhou to major cities in
China. Direct flights to Hong Kong
are also available. A new airport,
Daxing（大興）Airport at Tongren（銅仁）, is under construction. Two new airports at Liping（黎平）and at Xingyi（興義）are in the study stage. Telecommunications -- Telecommunication services have made
remarkable progress. Till end-Feb
1999, subscribers for mobile phone services totalled 122,000 and the
telephone penetration rate was 14 per cent in Guiyang
by end-1998. Hydropower － Guizhou has a number of thermal- and hydro-power
plants. Together with Sichuan and Yunnan, Guizhou has
helped to establish the Southwest China power network. The completion of the
Longtan（龍灘）Hydroplant will provide enough electricity
for Guizhou’s industries. |
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The province’s most famous
export is Maotai liquor, named for the village of its origin in Renhuai
County, Guizhou. |
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Guizhou is strong in tobacco
and brewing industry. In addition to
Maotai（茅臺）liquor, Yantai（煙台）beer is well known. Guizhou is also an important base of
building material and chemical industries.
In the near future the province will focus on utilising its abundant
coal and inexpensive electricity to become the power base of South
China. Also, the province will
further develop building material industry like cement, glass and sanitary
ceramic wares. Major export products were non-ferrous metal, chemicals,
tobacco and raw lacquer. Major export
markets were Hong Kong, Japan, Republic of Korea, the US and Taiwan. In 2000, the province's imports
totalled US$380 million and rose by 46.2 per cent over 1999. Major imported items included raw
materials, machinery and plant equipment.
Major import sources were the US, Hong Kong, Australia, Germany and
India. |
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Other economic development
zones in Guizhou include : Guiyang Economic
and Technological Development Zone（貴陽經濟技術開發區）- mainly concentrating in electrical equipment,
mechanical and auto parts. Zunyi Economic and
Technological Development Zone（遵義經濟技術開發小區）- mainly engaged in motor car manufacture,
mechanical and electric industry. Anshun Economic and
Technological Exploitation and Development Zone（安順經濟開發小區）- a state-level scenic spot with rapid
development of mechanical and light industry. Tongjiang Economic
Development Zone（銅江經濟開發小區）- mainly engaged in processing of
agricultural products. Baiyun Economic
Development Zone（白雲經濟開發小區）- the largest base of aluminum industry in
the province. Hongguo Economic
Development Zone（紅果經濟開發小區）- a major coal-production area in Southern
China. Dingxiao Economic
Exploitation Zone（頂效經濟開發小區）- a state-level scenic spot, its fossils
have become a tourist attraction. |
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Major department stores and
shopping centres in Guizhou include Guizhou Department Store（貴州省百貨公司）and Guiyang Department Store（貴陽市百貨大樓）. |
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Ø
Urumqi Ø
Yili Ø Changji Ø Ba Ø Karamay Western industrial zone – this includes the western
portion of the Tarim Basin. Ø
Kashi |
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Guiyang is approximately in the geographic centre of the
province and has become a major transport and industrial centre. The manufacturing sector was developed after 1949 and
includes aluminium, iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizers, textiles,
pharmaceuticals, and machine tools.
Coal and bauxite are available nearby. |
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Zunyi is about 160 kilometres directly north of Guiyang. It has
historic significance as the site of the Zunyi Conference that elected Mao
Zedong as a full member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist
Party’s Politburo, and chief assistant to Zhou Enlai in military
planning. This occurred in January
1935 and many scholars mark this occasion as the beginning of Mao’s rise to
power. Zunyi is not the second largest industrial centre in
Guizhou. |
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Bijie is about 150 kilometres northwest of Guiyang, near Guizhou’s northern border with Yunnan Province. |
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Luipanshui is about 189 kilometres west of Guiyang, near Guizhou’s western border with Yunnan Province. |
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Tongren
is about 275 kilometres northeast of Guiyang, near Guizhou’s border with Hunan Province. |
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Anshun is about 80 kilometres southeast of Guiyang and is
a stopover point for tourist visits to Huangguoshu Falls and Longgong Caves. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com) |
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