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Heilongjiang is shown in black. Note
that Chinese names are in MingLiU (Chinese Traditional) screen font. This may appear as question marks or other
symbols if that font is not installed on your browser. |
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Regional Capital: Harbin Average temperatures: -23 deg
C to -17 deg C in January; 16 deg C to 23 deg C in July. Physical
features: Heilongjiang Province has mountains in the north and
south, with plains in the east and west. Intermittent volcanic eruptions
occur in some sections. As a far
north province, Heilongjiang is the coldest in the northwest. The area of the province is 454,000 square
kilometres. Rivers: The Heilong River flows along
the northern border. The Nenjiang and Songhua River are in the middle and the
Wusuli River is along the eastern border. Administrative divisions: 19 cities, 59 counties and 1 autonomous county. Historical significance: The Han
Chinese did not settle in the province until the mid-19th century. Prior to that, Russians exerted
considerable influence over the region and the early influence is still felt.
Some parts of the province retain Russian characteristics, particularly in
architectural style. |
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The province's deposits of gold and graphite are among the largest in
China. Other significant mineral and
metal deposits include silver, copper, lead, aluminium, tungsten, zinc,
molybdenum, crude oil, coal, wood, soda, quartz, marble and mica. The province also ranks first in
production of petroleum, which is mainly found in Daqing Oilfield（大慶油田）. Output of crude oil reached
54.5 million tons in 1999, ranking the first in China and accounting for
one-third of the country's total. |
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Notes: *Estimated |
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Railways
– Rail is an important means of transport in this
relatively large and isolated province.
There are frequent train services to the ports of Dalian in Liaoning Province and
Vladivostok in Russia.
Electrification of HaDa Railway（哈大鐵路: Harbin-Dalian 哈爾濱－大連）was completed recently. A new
railway network from Harbin to Changxing（長興）in Zhejiang
is being planned. This will link with
the HaDa railway and a 170-kilometre-long ferry passage from Dalian to Yantai in Shandong. It will further extend from Shandong to Zhejiang and connect
with Shanghai and Jiangsu Province. Another
major provincial railway, the Suidong line （阳-宁）, which will link the eastern part of the province with Russian Far
Eastern ports, is under construction. Roadways -- The province has a well-developed
transportation network centred on Harbin.
The Shenha Expressway（瀋哈高速公路）from Shenyang
to Harbin, one of the longest four-lane highway in
China, is now under construction. Air Transport -- Harbin
Airport provides regular flight services to places like Hong Kong and
Russia. Other major airports are
located at Jiamusi, Mudanjiang, Heihe, and Qiqihar. Recently, the longest domestic air route in China has been opened
which stretches from Jiamusi City（佳木斯）in Heilongjiang to Sanya City in Hainan. Telecommunications – Communications
are well-developed in Heilongjiang. There are 3.47 million mobile phone users
and 200,000 internet users in Heilongjiang, as at the end of 2000. Erisson
recently set up a new joint venture with the Heilongjiang Mobile Telecom
Company. The new company,
Heilongjiang Erisson Technology Co. Ltd. is the ninth joint venture of
Erisson in China and will mainly engage in R&D and technological services
in both domestic and international market.
Electricity -- There are 1,700 rivers providing ample
resources for hydroelectric power
generation in the province. At
present, the total capacity of hydroelectric power is over 6 million kWh,
while the capacity of thermal power plant is around 3.6 million kWh. |
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Electronics, automotives and animal feed industries, all of which depend on imported capital and advanced technology, have become the province's pillar industries. The province's heavy industries such as the mining industries contribute a large percentage to the province's economy. Future development will be focused on five industries: petrochemical, automobiles and spare parts, electronics, foodstuff and pharmaceuticals. In 2000, exports increased by 60 per cent to US$2.4 billion. Major export items included textiles, garment, electronic parts, soybeans and
footwear. Imports amounted to US$1.6 billion, an increase of 6.7 per cent over
1999. Major import goods were machinery,
petrochemicals, light industrial and textile products. |
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Harbin Economic and Technological Development
Zone（哈爾濱經濟技術開發區） Harbin High and New Technological Development
Zone（哈爾濱高新技術開發區） Daqing Hi- and New- Technological Development
Zone（大慶高新技術開發區） Heihe Border
Economic and Technological Co-operation Zone （黑河邊境經濟合作區） Suifenhe Border Economic and Technological
Co-operation Zone （綏芬河邊境經濟合作區） The main development is border trade and economic and technology
co-operation with Russian, export process, warehousing and transportation,
real estate and tourism. In the first
quarter of 2000, Suifenhe City's total trade reached US$184 million, up 52.4
per cent over the same period of 1999.
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Ř
Harbin Ř
Daqing Ř
Qiqihar Ř
Suihua Eastern industrial region depends heavily on the growing
trade with Russia: The cities are listed below
according to their ranking by industrial output. |
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Harbin lies in the southern plains and is about 60
kilometres from the Jilin
border. It is a large machinery and
tool manufacturing centre, as well as a producer of electrical and
construction equipment. |
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Daqing is approximately midway between Harbin
and Qiqihar.
Its oil field is the largest in China. The city is spread over a relatively large area, with small
communities built around the 8,000 or so oil wells that are contained within the
municipality. |
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Suihua is at the northern tip of the southern plains
region and is about 110 kilometres directly north of Harbin. |
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Qiqihar is about 250
kilometres northeast of Harbin. Its main industrial output consists of locomotives,
mining equipment, machine tools and motor vehicles. It is considered to be the gateway to the Zalong Nature
Reserve. |
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Mudanjiang lies nearly 300
kilometres east of Harbin and is one of China's major border
trade centres, accounting for nearly 70 per cent of the province's total
border trade. In 1999, this trade
reached US$1 billion. Its major
export goods included light industrial products, textiles, food, electronic
equipment, vegetables, agricultural by-products and ornaments. |
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Hong Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com) |
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