|
|
TIANJIN MUNICIPALITY（天津市）
Tianjin Municipality is shown as the small white area within the black
area, which is Hebei
Province.
|
|
|
General Profile:
|
Population: 10,000,000
Area: 11,300 square kilometres
Average
temperatures:
-4 deg C in January; 26 deg C in July.
Physical features: The municipality is in a
low-lying alluvial plain formed by the Hai River, with soil that is
saline-alkaline. Tianjin's coastal region lies on the Bohai Sea.
Rivers: The old part of the city is situation at the junction of the
Hai River and the Grand Canal.
Administrative
divisions: 13
districts and 5 counties, including Tianjin City （天津市區）, Wuqing（武清）, Ninghe（寧河）, Baodi（寶坻）, Jinghai（靜海）and Jixian （薊縣）, which have been opened to foreign investors and
enjoy preferential economic policies.
Historical
significance: The
city became an important seaport and grain-storage area when Beijing was
established as the capital in the 13th century. It acquired a walled garrison in the 17th century and was
opened to foreigners following the Treaty of Tianjin in 1859. By 1900, foreign concessions included the
British, French, Japanese, Germans, Austro-Hungarians, Italians and Belgians.
|
|
|
Natural Resources:
|
The municipality has more than 35 minerals including coal, iron
ore, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, barite, dolomite, manganese, china clay
and marble. The Dagang（大港）and
Bohai Sea oilfields have abundant reserves, and the Changlu（長蘆）salt
field is the largest in China.
|
|
|
Economic Profile:
|
|
|
1999
|
2000
|
|
Economic Indicators
|
Value
|
Growth
|
Value
|
Growth
|
|
|
|
(% p.a.)
|
|
(% p.a.)
|
|
Gross domestic product (RMB bn)
|
145.0
|
8.2 *
|
163.9
|
10.8 *
|
|
Per capita GDP (RMB)
|
15,932
|
13.5
|
n.a.
|
n.a.
|
|
Disposable income per capita
|
|
|
|
|
|
- urban (RMB)
|
7,649.8
|
7.6
|
8,140.5
|
6.4
|
|
- rural (RMB)
|
3,411.1
|
-4.5
|
3,622.4
|
6.2
|
|
Fixed investment (RMB bn)
|
49.6
|
-1.0
|
52.6
|
6.0
|
|
Value added by sector:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- primary (RMB bn)
|
7.1
|
-9.0
|
7.4
|
4.2
|
|
- secondary (RMB bn)
|
71.2
|
8.2
|
81.1
|
13.9
|
|
- tertiary (RMB bn)
|
66.7
|
10.4
|
75.4
|
13.0
|
|
Retail sales (RMB bn)
|
65.7
|
12.0
|
73.7
|
12.2
|
|
Inflation (CPI, %)
|
-2.5
|
|
-0.4
|
|
|
Exports (US$ bn)
|
6.4
|
16.6
|
7.7
|
20.3
|
|
- by FIEs (US$ bn)
|
4.5
|
17.2
|
6.4
|
42.2
|
|
Imports (US$ bn)
|
7.0
|
25.3
|
9.5
|
35.7
|
|
- by FIEs (US$ bn)
|
5.4
|
23.8
|
7.3
|
35.2
|
|
Foreign direct investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
- number of projects
|
575
|
-33.1
|
625
|
8.7
|
|
- contracted amount (US$ bn)
|
1.6
|
-48.3
|
3.5
|
118.8
|
|
- utilised amount (US$ bn)
|
1.8
|
-16.5
|
1.2
|
-51.3
|
Notes: *in real terms
Sources: Tianjin Statistical Yearbook
|
|
|
Infrastructure:
|
Water Transport -- The Port of
Tianjin is capable of accommodating the fifth generation containerships. It is open to over 40 international
shipping lines connecting with more than 300 ports in over 160 countries and
regions. In 1999, the port handled
more than 72 million tonnes of cargoes.
It has 8 container berths with an annual handling capacity of 1
million TEUs. Further expansion is
being planned.
The Port of Xingang（新港）has
more than 62 berths and is one of China's largest container terminals with
annual handling capacity of 700,000 TEUs.
The port also offers specialised handling facilities for coal, oil,
grain and salt.
Railways -- The city,
located at the junction of Beijing-Shenyang and Beijing-Shanghai railways, making
it one of China major railway hubs.
After Beijing was selected to host the 2008
Olympics, Tianjin planned to invest heavily to improve the urban transport
system. Projects under construction
are the No.1 line of the Metro Subway and a light railway connecting the CBD
with the Coastal New Area（濱海新區）.
Roadways -- With the opening of the
Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu（塘沽）expressway, travel time between Beijing and
Tianjin was shortened to 90 minutes.
In addition, a section of an expressway linking Beijing and Shenyang was
recently opened and passes through the municipality.
In the near future, Tianjin's road network
will be linked with the national north-south arterial highway from Beijing to
Jiujiang,
Tianjin to Taiyuan,
Tianjin to Fuzhou
and a circular beltway around the city will be built to connect with 14
highways radiating out from Tianjin's centre.
Air Transport -- The Tianjin
International Airport provides regular domestic and international flights to
major cities in China, as well as to various international destinations.
Telecommunications -- The city's
output of mobile telecommunications equipment was the second highest in
China. By 2005, Tianjin is expected
to have 4.8 million mobile phone users with a penetration rate of 20 per
cent. Internet users also reached
300,000 at the end of 2000.
Other -- In
order to help Beijing to host the 2008 Olympics, Tianjin will invest RMB 700
million on the construction of a new stadium. It will occupy an area of 70,000 to 80,000 square metres and
have a capacity of more than 60,000 people.
|
|
|
Agriculture:
|
Agricultural products include wheat, corn, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts,
soybeans, cotton, ambary hemp, pears and walnuts. The municipality is also important as a source of sea products.
|
|
|
Industry:
|
Tianjin is an
important industrial centre in northern China. The city's industrial output rose by 15.4 per cent to RMB 258.3
billion in 2000. Its key industries
include motor vehicles, electronics, metallurgy and petrochemicals.
There are
over 6,500 enterprises in the municipality, mainly in the fields of
metallurgical, petrochemicals, machinery, clothing and textiles, electronics,
motor vehicles, pharmaceuticals and light industries. Major products are textiles, bicycles,
watches, TV sets, carpets, electrical appliances, chemicals, machine tools,
paper, steel, machinery for chemical industries, PVC and plastics.
In recent
years, Tianjin has become the biggest mobile phone manufacturer in China,
with substantial investment by Motorola in the Tianjin Economic and
Technology Development Zone. At the
end of 2000, approximately 4 out of 10 cell phones used in China are
manufactured in Tianjin. Motorola plans
to invest an additional RMB 16 billion to build a semiconductor chips
manufacturing centre and Asia telecommunication product centre in Tianjin.
Tianjin,
already a leading port city and manufacturing centre in northern China, is
also becoming the region's largest financial centre. Many banks are located in the Jiefangbeilu
area, which is the traditional financial centre of Tianjin.
In 2000, Tianjin's
exports rose by 20.3 per cent to US$7.7 billion. Major export commodities were clothing, textiles, chemicals,
electronics, household electrical appliances and machinery. Exports from foreign-funded enterprises
reached US$6.4 billion, accounting for 83 per cent of the total.
Imports
rose by 35.7 per cent to US$9.5 billion in 2000. Major import goods included machinery, textile and garments.
|
|
|
Science and Technology:
|
Tianjin’s
Coastal New Area（濱海新區）is known as "the Pudong of
North China" and is an important economic development zone in
Tianjin. The area covers Tianjin
Port, Tianjin Economic and Technology Development Zone, the Tianjin Bonded
Zone and other five districts in the eastern part of the city along the Bohai
Sea.
The
Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Zone（天津經濟技術開發區）: The zone was approved by the
State Council in 1984 and includes 3,164 foreign-invested enterprises with
contracted foreign investment of US$9.2 billion. The enterprises are from 59 countries and regions including the
US, Hong Kong, Korea, the UK, and Japan.
Most of these are engaged in clothing, electronics, textiles,
foodstuffs, machinery, chemicals and metallurgy industries. Some multinational corporations such as
Motorola and Coca-Cola from the US, Samsung and Goldstar from Republic of
Korea, IMI from the UK and, Yamaha and Yazaki Auto from Japan have also located
in the zone.
Tianjin
Port Bonded Zone（天津港保稅區）: One of China's state-level
bonded zones, was established in October 1991 near the port area. The Bonded
Area is intended to become an international entreport trade centre in
northern China. Foreign goods in
transit and imports for producing export goods are exempt from customs duties
and import-export licensing. Major
industries include finance, information technology, property and warehousing
Tianjin
New Technology Industrial Park（天津新技術產業園）: This state-level new and high-tech
development zone was set up in 1991.
Most of the enterprises operating in the Park are engaged in the
manufacturing of electronics, instruments, computers, medical instruments and
engineering technology. Currently,
there were over 300 foreign-invested high-tech enterprises with total
investment of US$1.5 billion.
|
|
|
Consumers’ Market:
|
Tianjin's retail
sales of consumer goods totalled RMB 73.7 billion in 2000. Major commercial centres include Tianjin
Quanye Bazaar（天津勸業場股份有限公司）, Tianjin Department Store（天津百貨大樓）, Tianjin Hualian Commercial
Building （天津華聯商廈）, Tianjin Jinyuanbao Commercial
Building（天津市金元寶商廈）and Tianjin Market（天津商場）. There are four streets with distinguishing features in Tianjin
named Nanshi Food Street, Nanshi Hotel Street, Old Culture Street and
Clothing Street.
|
|
|
Information Sources:
|
Information contained in this page was obtained from:
Hong
Kong Trade Development Council (http://www.tdctrade.com).
|
|
|
Additional Information:
|
The Chamber is in the process of maintaining regular contact with
organisations in the Tianjin. Please
contact us if you require additional information.
|
|
|
|
Return to the top of this page.
|
